本文目录一览:
- 1、松香是什么?主要用途是什么?…景
- 2、松香是什么东西?
- 3、松香是什么
松香是什么?主要用途是什么?…景
以富含松脂的松树为原料,通过不同的加工方式得到的非挥发性的天然树脂称为松香。松香是一种浅黄色到红棕色,透明,具有热塑性的玻璃体物质。
松香是一种具有多种成分的混合物,其成分因松树种类不同而略有差异,主要由树脂酸组成,另有少量脂肪酸和中性物质。据分析,在一般的松香中,树脂酸的含量为85.6~88.7%,脂肪酸含量为2.5~5.4%,中性物质的含量为5.2~7.6%。
松香是重要的化工原料,广泛应用于各工业部门,主要用途如下:
1、肥皂工业 松香与纯碱或烧碱一起蒸煮,形成松香皂。松香皂具有很大的去污力,易溶于水,能溶解油脂,易起泡沫。松香具有粘性,可使肥皂不易开裂和酸败变质。
2、造纸工业 松香在造纸工业上用作抄纸胶料。松香与苛性钠制成松香钠皂,即胶料,胶料与纸浆混合并加入明矾,使松香成为不溶于水的游离树脂酸微粒附着在小纤维上,当纸浆在干燥圆筒上滚压加热时,松香软化填充在纤维之间,这种作用叫“上胶”或“施胶”。纸张“上胶”后,可增强抗水性,防止墨水渗透,改善强度和平滑度,减少伸缩度。
3、油漆涂料工业 松香易溶于各种有机溶剂,而且易成膜,有光泽,是油漆涂料的基本原料之一。松香在油漆中的作用是使油漆色泽光亮,干燥快,漆膜光滑不易脱落。
4、油墨工业 松香在印刷油墨中主要用作载色体,并增强油墨对纸张的附着力。油墨中若不用松香,印制成的墨迹就会色调呆滞,模糊不清。
5、粘合剂工业 以松香酯和氢化松香酯为基本原料的粘合剂,常用作热熔性粘合剂、压敏粘合剂和橡胶增粘剂。
6、橡胶工业 松香在橡胶工业上用作软化剂,可增加其弹性。歧化松香钾皂可作合成橡胶的乳化剂。
7、食品工业 氢化松香与多元醇作用,可制得一种食用松香酯,用于制造口香糖和泡泡糖。
8、电气工业 用松香35%与光亮油65%配制成绝缘油在电缆上用作保护膜,起绝缘及耐热作用。松香和电木以及其他人造树脂相混合用作绝缘清漆。此外,电池封口用的火漆,电珠粘合用的油膏粉均含有松香。
松香是什么东西?
松香是松树树干内部流出的油脂经高温熔化,干结后变成的块状固体(没有固定熔点),其颜色焦黄深红,主要应用在电子电路焊接时的助焊剂,在乐器方面主要用来擦磨乐器的琴弦使其起到发涩的作用。亦可药用。本身毒性不大,但是因为其常常含有铅等重金属和有毒化合物,以及氧化后产生的过氧化物会严重影响人体的健康。
谢谢采纳!
松香是什么
中文名:松香 别称:松膏、松肪、松胶、焦油松香、生松香
化学式:C19H29 COOH
熔点:110~135℃(固液共存,无固定熔点)
沸点:300℃(0.67kPa)
水溶性:不溶于水,溶于酒精
密度:1.060~1.085g/cm3
外观:固体,透明,淡黄色或棕色
应用:工业、助焊剂、中药材等
安全性描述:毒性不大,但因其含有铅等重金属和有毒化合物会严重影响人体健康
性质:非晶体
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